非谓语动词

to + 动词原形
动词原形 + ing

动词不定式，主，宾，表，定，状，补

主
To get there by bike will take us an hour.
宾
The driver failed to see the car in time.及时
表
My suggestion is to put off the meeting 推迟这个会议
宾补
we believe him to be guilty.(有罪的)
定语
The next train to arrive is from Seoul.(首尔)快到的下一辆火车
状
I come here only to say goodbay to you.目的状语

动名词，主 ，宾，表，定，被副词修饰，或支配定语
主
Reading is an art.
宾
They went on walking and never stopped talking.
表
Your task is quickly cleaning the windows
定
This is a reading room.

形式主语
It's a great honor to be invited
it is no use crying over spilt milk(因为溅出去的牛奶)

形式宾语
We think it important to learn English
I found it pleasant（愉快）working in the park

否定
He pretended（假装）not to see her
He regrets(后悔) not joining them

to不定式做目的状语

in order to +v 表示目的（句首，句尾均可）
so as to + v 表示目的（只能置于句尾）

I've written it down in order to remember it.
He shouted(大声喊) and waved(挥手) so as to be noticed(目的是为了被注意)

否定形式在to前加not
I've written it down in order not to forget it
He said nothing(什么都没说) so as not to be noticed

too to 太...以至于不能...
The room is too small to live

enough + n + to + v 足够的什么可以怎么样
adj + enough + to + v 什么足够怎么样了，以至于可以怎么样

There is enough food to eat
The box is big enough to contain six apples.

On + v-ing 一...就....
On seeing the snake the girl was very frightened(恐惧)

There is no hope of v-ing 没有希望...
There is no hope of seeing him.

feel like + v-ing 想要
I feel like eating ice cream now.

have a hard time v-ing 做...很难
They have a hard time solving the problem themselves.

动词的ing 可称为动名词和现在分词
Writing books is his job.(动名词)
He is writing a book.(现在分词)

动词的p.p 形式可称为动词的过去分词，用在完成时和被动语态当中。

He has weitten the homework.
The homework is written.

分词句 （现在分词和过去分词句）
The student went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.（伴随went的状语）
Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station.